Phosphorus fertilization of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) for heart-of-palm in nurseries and plantations
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| Autores: | , , , , |
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| Formato: | artículo original |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de Publicación: | 2002 |
| Descripción: | Two trials in peach palm for heart-of-palm were carried out to evaluate fertilizer response and the predictive level of foliar and soil analysis as diagnostic tools of P deficiency. The first in a greenhouse in Guápiles, Limón, with 30 cm-high nursery plants of the Putumayo variety, by evaluating the application of 6 rates of P established on the basis of the buffer coefficient. Five Andisols and 5 Ultisols were used, all with deficient values of available P. After 6 months, measurements were made for height, fresh and dry weight of aerial biomass, P content in the plant and the level of extractable P by Modified Olsen and Mehlich 3. The second experiment was in Caño Negro, San Carlos, in a 2 year-old commercial plantation of the Tucurrique spiny variety. Response to P fertilization was evaluated in a P deficient Inceptisol of low fertility, using 6 rates also defined by the buffer coefficient. During a 2-year period, monthly measurements were made for fresh weight of reaped heart-of-palm; trimestral sampling of soil and foliage was done for the analysis of available P and total P, respectively. In the greenhouse test, a critical level of 10 mg l-1 of P in Ultisols was estimated with the Modified Olsen solution, which was related to a minimum value of foliar P of 0.14%. Extractable P by Modified Olsen was not an efficient parameter for the diagnosis of P deficiency in Andisols. In the field, although all the treatments exceeded the control, no clear response to P fertilization was found after 2 years of evaluation; yields of the first year reaping varied between 14785 and 16238 kg ha-1 year-1 of fresh heart-of-palm and in the second year between 12109 and 13561 kg ha-1 year-1. The conventional methods of diagnosis of P deficiency through soil and foliar analyses were, in general, not useful to indicate a positive response of heart-of-palm to P applications. This reaffirms the need for research on alternative diagnostic methods for woody perennials, such as the analysis of soluble organic P, P in the soil solution, and the effect of mycorrhizas on the P supply to heart- of-palm. |
| País: | Portal de Revistas UCR |
| Institución: | Universidad de Costa Rica |
| Repositorio: | Portal de Revistas UCR |
| Lenguaje: | Español |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:portal.ucr.ac.cr:article/61933 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/agrocost/article/view/61933 |
| Palabra clave: | Bactris gasipaes heart-of-palm phosphorus fertilization soils palmito fósforo fertilización suelos |