Impact of a Petroleum Environmental Passive in the Area and Vascular Flora on the Shores of Lake Titicaca, Peru
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| Autores: | , |
|---|---|
| Formato: | artículo original |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de Publicación: | 2021 |
| Descripción: | [Introduccion]: For decades, crude oil in emulsion with formation waters flowed from a petroleum environmental passive on the shores of Titicaca Lake, [Objective]: Before it was raised, to estimate the land surface affected and degraded by said polluting sources and determine its effect on the flora and vegetation in Ahuallani, Puno-Peru. [Methodology]: An area was delimited by Landsat images, differentiating areas of greater or lesser impact using QGis software, georeferencing, later, the edges of the area in situ. Flora and vegetation were evaluated with 1-m2 quadrants distributed randomly. Data were analyzed using diversity indices and the Kruskall Wallis test according to homogeneous zones. [Results]: Total affected areas reached 96.54 ha, of which 94.8 ha (98.2 %) formed a dispersal zone (ZD) of the contaminating fluid, where a degraded surface of 29.7 ha was distinguished with absolute absence of vegetation and another halophytes area of 65.1 ha. Besides, an area surrounding the well from which the crude oil gushed out (ZP) and a channel area (ZC) through which it flowed to ZD were spotted; both areas conformed 1.8 % of the affected extent. ZP showed greater floristic diversity with 22 species; the halophyte area only presented three. Density was statistically similar to 30.33 plants/m2 for ZP, 20.33 plants/m2 for ZC, and 13.67 plants/m2 for the halophyte area. Likewise, for ZP the H '= 0.90 ± 0.33a and the D = 0.72 ± 0.13, for ZC the H' = 0.90 ± 0.33a and the D = 0.67 ± 0.15, finally for ZD the H '= 0.16 ± 0.11b and the D = 0.49 ± 0.10, according to J 'ZP and ZD (19.35 % similarity), and the vegetation density ZD = 30.33, ZC = 20.33 and ZD = 13.67. [Conclusions]: ZD stands out for the natural abundance of Sarcocornia pulvinata, with the potential value to implement phytoremediation strategies in the locality. |
| País: | Portal de Revistas UNA |
| Institución: | Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica |
| Repositorio: | Portal de Revistas UNA |
| Lenguaje: | Español |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:ojs.www.una.ac.cr:article/15587 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/ambientales/article/view/15587 |
| Palabra clave: | affected area, halophytes, petroleum, pollution, water formation Aguas de formación; área afectada; contaminación; halófitas; petróleo. águas de formação, área afetada, poluição, halófitas, petróleo |